In the wake of not so recent scandals over adopted children’s  deaths and violence in the United States, France and Finland, Russian  parliament set up a commission on children’s rights, headed by Pavel  Astakhov, a top-class lawyer, and children’s rights ombudsman. In a  recent interview he spoke about the commission’s activities.
Pavel Astakhov is a lawyer with a name whose opinion counts. As the head of this commission he insists that the number  of foreign adoption agencies in Russia should be reduced. This  statement came ahead of another round of negotiations on a bilateral  child adoption agreement between Russia and the USA. The document should outline mechanisms to control living conditions of adopted Russian children in the United States and other countries.
“At  present some Russian 700,000 children need the care of the state. So  the issue of adoption legislation have gained a greater than ever  importance. In the last several years we came to realize that we must  remedy the situation with orphaned children. We also learnt that we have  too few children – 26 million or so. This number in the United States,  for one, is 72 million. Demographers say Russia is facing the problem of  reduction of children’s population, so by 2025 their number can fall to  22 million or so. Compared with the United States again – that country  can boast some 100 million children or more. To whom are we going to  give the helm, and how strong and competitive will Russia be then,” asks  Pavel Astakhov, ombudsman for the protection of children’s rights.
Astakhov  says that every Russian child is worth his or her weight in gold. This  country cannot afford losing 2,000 children’s lives in car crashes and  another 2,000 or so in accidents at home as we had it last year. The  problem is not much spoken about, but it must be focused on to find ways  out, to speak on the issues of adoption. As things stand now, few  orphans find new Russian families. Anything that helps to bring them  into families is good, be it guardianship, patronage or adoption. We  should offer incentives to adults who want to adopt a child but hesitate  not knowing enough about the necessary procedures. As a matter of fact  they are rather simple, given that just one precondition is there – the  assistance of domestic guardianship bodies. Of course any psychologist  would tell the parents adopting a child that they would have problems  with him or her. But adults should be able to cope with children‘s  problems, seeing their ultimate goal of raising full-fledged citizens  with every right they are guaranteed by the state.
“This  brings us to the theme of adoption by foreigners,” said Pavel Astakhov.  “In the past 16 years Americans, for example, have been very active  adopters. They took children from Vietnam, China, Ethiopia, and other  countries. Many prefer Russian children and are ready to stay on long  waiting lists, because they find them especially gifted and talented  thanks to their roots. Americans have already adopted more than 60,000  Russian children. As a lawyer, I refuse to view this as a positive  trend,” said Pavel Astakhov, “as we still have no relevant  inter-governmental agreement, even though there’s no selling any  commodity to the United States without a contract. Children are no  commodities but we still allow taking them out without any contract or  obligations. And now we have 17 children who died of parent cruelty  there. And if it were not for the situation with Artyom Saveliev whom  his new American “mummy” put on a plane as a sack of potatoes with a  one-way ticket and a note “Take him back!” we still would not have  addressed  adoption legislation,” said Pavel Astakhov.  
Now  that this issue is being handled, and Russia’s stance on it is quite  tough. Without such an agreement we would not let foreigners take  children out of Russia. We do have a law that allows foreigners to adopt  Russian children, but only if a child has not been adopted by Russian  citizens. There are agencies here who try to circumvent this provision  by hook or by crook to get their fat profits. This is another problem we  have to solve. But, Pavel Astakhov adds, he is against business on  children with no guarantees and regular reports about their well-being.  We will sign relevant agreements with the United States, France,  Germany, Finland and Spain similar to the only one we have with Italy.  Ireland had recently announced it would not adopt Russian children any  longer. This does not hurt us,” Pavel Astakhov said, adding that he is  confident that it would not take too long before motherless Russian  children would be adopted by Russian families.
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